2024 H and r firearms serial number

Jan 30, 2010 · it really is no big secret on the post 1986 serial number listing but it is just a lot of typing. all my other long answers are just cut and pated for the info we furnished the book book. basically they started over at A with the front letter for new england firearms and H for H&R 1871. example NA=1987. however the letter I seems to have been ... . Episd plaza login

Many products you have in your home have unique serial numbers printed on them. Companies assign serial numbers to their products. If you ever have to contact a company regarding a...the H&R model 900 was manufactured between 1962 and 1973. H&R used the "AA" letter codes in 1964. the model 900 was a replacement for the model 922 but H&R discovered the extra milling for the snap-out cylinder cost as much as the milling for the swing-out cylinder models so the 900 was discontinued and the model 922 was put back …The U.S.R.A. pistol became the standard of the U.S. Army pistol team and was used to set a new U.S. pistol record in 1932. Prior to the Second World War, the company manufactured .38 caliber revolvers for British police use. These pistols, which were also available on the U.S. commercial market, were the first firearms ever carried by British ...There are several ways to find out more information about your Winchester rifle or shotgun. All Winchester firearms, including commemoratives, are collectible. Read on to find out ...H & R handi rifle 444 Marlin New Description: New , no box , H&R 444 Marlin handi rifle . 22” barrel , no sights , factory scope rail. cba 258154 serial number. $450.00 shipped to most of 48 Need more info please text . Thanks for looking SOLD. See all listings by Roger Berryhill Print this listing. ... Guns International Advertising PolicyWell I have a soft spot for the H&R .32 because I learned to shoot a pistol with one from my father. Lo and behold there she was, the same model as the one I had shot back when I was twelve years old. The 632. My question is, when was this one made. My father told me that the first two letters of the serial number are what designates when the ...Apr 6, 2018 ... ... play this video. Learn more · Open App. DIY firearms - the importance of serial numbers. 8K views · 6 years ago ...more. KPRC 2 Click2Houston.Dec 14, 2023 · Harrington & Richardson. Last updated: December 14, 2023. Gun-data.com is reader-supported. We may earn a commission through products purchased using links on this page. Learn more about our process here. Harrington & Richardson. Serialization. 1940 to 1982. MODEL 922 DOUBLE ACTION FIRST MODEL LARGE SOLID FRAME 22 RIMFIRE CALIBER --1927-1952. 9 shot cylinder capacity, pull pin cylinder release, blue finish, 6 inch octagon barrel, two piece over size walnut grips saw handle shaped, marked with company name and address on top of barrel, right side of barrel H&R 922 and caliber on left side of barrel.I have an old H & R, 32 cal, 6 shot, 3 1/4" barrel pistol. Along the top of the barrel is: Harrington & Richardson Arms Company Worcester, Mass USA PATD Oct 1887 On the cylinder is a number that appears to be 333 Serial number inside left handle is 7283, there are no letters.Dec 14, 2023 · Harrington & Richardson. Last updated: December 14, 2023. Gun-data.com is reader-supported. We may earn a commission through products purchased using links on this page. Learn more about our process here. Harrington & Richardson. Serialization. 1940 to 1982. H&R Receiver Identification. I have an H&R single barrel receiver with the buutstock attached. It is in good shape. All the info it has on it is the Harrington & Richardson, Inc. trademark, their address, the patent number 3988848 and the serial number AU584401. I have been able to figure out that it was made in 1982 from the AU …It's an H&R 923, serial number is N32xx. The nickel is chipped a couple places, and there are some small rust spots, but it'll do what I need just fine. ... The Firearms Forum. 2.2M posts 71.4K members Since 2003 A forum community dedicated to all firearm owners and enthusiasts. Come join the discussion about optics, hunting, …the H&R 'Trapper Model" was manufactured between 1924 and 1941. it was only offered one way, 6 inch octagon barrel and two piece oversize walnut grips. there are no known serial number records for preWWII H&R models. the "Trapper" does appear to be in the same serial number series as its parent model the "Model 1906". these number appear to be ...H R Firearms Serial Numbers. H&R Sportsman (.22 LR nine-shot revolver 6-inch barrel – blued finish) Manual Ejecting Model.32 S&W or .38 S&W cal., 5-shot (.32 cal.) or 6 -shot (.38 cal.), manual ejecting rod under barrel, hard rubber grip panels with Floral design, nickel finish, marked on top of barrel with company name and address only, ...Look up a Remington serial number by using Remington Serial Number Lookup. This service uses the two-letter codes stamped on the barrel of Remington rifles and shotguns to determin...S. Sprint. 134 posts · Joined 2011. #2 · Jul 7, 2011. Hardknocks, The model 930 with serial number prefix "AT" was manufactured in 1979. The only plated finish used by H&R at that time was electroless nickel. Sprint. Share.Five shot would indicate .38 S&W, 6 shot would indicate .32 S&W or .32 H&R Long cartridges. It is thought that these guns were "assembly numbered" in batches of up to 9999, then numbering would start over - but since so few of the 1st and 2nd Variations were made and far fewer seen today, it's hard to tell for sure.Apr 6, 2018 ... ... play this video. Learn more · Open App. DIY firearms - the importance of serial numbers. 8K views · 6 years ago ...more. KPRC 2 Click2Houston.Nov 10, 2008 · H&R serial numbers since 1940 have been public knowledge since 1986 when H&R gave the serial number list to numrich arms, after numrich purchased at least 90% of H&R's inventory of parts. both the blue book and numrich arms have published these serial numbers, but they are slightly incomplete stopping at 1982. The left side of the barrel is marked ‘Model 732′ and ’32 S&W,’ though the gun is actually chambered in .32 S&W Long. The left side of the frame is marked simple ‘H&R INC. U.S.A.’. The serial number is located at the bottom of the grip-frame. The grip provides a secure two-finger grip; I have large hands and my pinky finger does not ...H&R used the "AB" letter codes in 1965. the model 900 is a good dependable utility revolver as long as it is cared for and should last a long time. the origins of the model 900 have its roots in the h&r model 922 that dates to as early as 1925. during the early 1960 H&R was looking at methods of cylinder removal (for loading and unloading) that ...Do you know how firearms background checks work? Learn how firearms background checks work at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement Like clockwork, after each mass shooting that shocks the ...Markings (all are on left side of barrel except serial number) H. & R. ARMS COMPANY WORCESTER, MASS. U.S.A. H&R 922 (this font is larger than other) Serial number range (on front of grip strap): serial numbers in the 170433 range have these features i can now add serial number as high as 179649 have these featuresWell I have a soft spot for the H&R .32 because I learned to shoot a pistol with one from my father. Lo and behold there she was, the same model as the one I had shot back when I was twelve years old. The 632. My question is, when was this one made. My father told me that the first two letters of the serial number are what designates when the ...#1 · May 31, 2020. I am trying to find some information about a model 088 single shot shotgun with serial number AZ prefix. I have found a listing for AX and AY of 1981, 1982 …H&R used the "AB" letter codes in 1965. the model 900 is a good dependable utility revolver as long as it is cared for and should last a long time. the origins of the model 900 have its roots in the h&r model 922 that dates to as early as 1925. during the early 1960 H&R was looking at methods of cylinder removal (for loading and unloading) that ...Five shot would indicate .38 S&W, 6 shot would indicate .32 S&W or .32 H&R Long cartridges. It is thought that these guns were "assembly numbered" in batches of up to 9999, then numbering would start over - but since so few of the 1st and 2nd Variations were made and far fewer seen today, it's hard to tell for sure.SERIALIZATION / DATE OF MANUFACTURE - When was your gun made? These tables will help you identify the year of manufacture on many popular models of firearms.The serial number of this pistol is located under the dust cover on the frame, on the barrel, and on the slide. A gun serial number is a unique identifier assigned to a singular firearm. [A] There is no international uniformity in gun serial numbers. Besides a widespread numerical base, they may contain letters and other typographical symbols ...The only other prime commercial contractor for M1 rifle production in the post-World War II period was the Harrington & Richardson Arms Co. of Worcester, Mass. On April 3, 1952, H&R was given a ... New England 20 Ga Youth/21" Barrel w/Modified Screw In Choke OUT OF STOCK. Add to Compare. H&R 1871 Pardner 12 Gauge Break Open Shotgun OUT OF STOCK. Add to Compare. (3) H&R PUMP 12GA 22 CTTKY CAMO OUT OF STOCK. Add to Compare. H&R 10 Ga. Waterfowl/30" Blued Barrel/Modified Choke & Walnu OUT OF STOCK. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Approximately 1,500,000 Young America revolvers in cal. .22 and cal. .32 were made between 1884 and 1941. SN 1403. Harrington & Richardson, located in Worcester, Massachusetts, was founded in 1871 by Gilbert H. Harrington, the inventor of the top-break revolver, and William A. Richardson. By 1876, H&R had become sufficiently established to be ...I have a H and R 22 special, heavy frame 9 shot.Probably 2nd variation according to serial number. Jump to Latest Follow 699 views 6 replies 2 participants last post by Burroman Aug 8, 2023Sep 21, 2020 ... ... numbers ranging from 900 to 999. Some of the very similar firearms it produced had no model numbers (for a time) or were labeled with a name ...H&R Top Break .38 S&W Serial Number Question. I have an H&R .38 S&W top break which has a serial number of 769. It is in 90-95% condition and I am curious to when it was manufactured. It is a First model and seems to be have made on or before 1905, possibly earlier. Can anyone help me out with any information. Most have nickel-plated receivers and are serial numbered within the same ranges as, and have other characteristics identical to, regular-production H&R Handy-Guns, by variation. None of those inspected during this research had any markings identifying H&R as original manufacturer. 22 rim fire on left side of barrel. seriel # 343213 stamped bottom and inside left side of grip under panel) 213 on chamber and barrel and 213 hand scratched on inside of grips. So per past posts i am thinking this is the gun i have. H&R PREMER SECOND MODEL SMALL FRAME TOP BREAK R.F. & C.F. ----------1905-1941.Buying a used iPhone can save you money (I've never bought a new one). However, buying secondhand comes with its own issues. Before you buy, make sure to check its serial number at...MODEL 622 was in production from 1957 to 1973. It was the lowest priced .22 revolver H&R made - a very utilitarian item - and proved to be pretty popular based upon the number of examples seen today. The rosewood grips sound like a good replacement for the original grip panels. The "center pin" designation merely indicates that the piece was ...Do you know how firearms background checks work? Learn how firearms background checks work at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement Like clockwork, after each mass shooting that shocks the ...This 90 percent gun, courtesy of American Gun Works in Glendale, Calif., (americangunworks.net), is worth $350 to $375. Even in pristine condition, the value would top out at around $525. Gun: H&R ...AK prefix was used on a special series of handguns to commemorate the Kansas Centennial. 2. H&R ceased operations in February of 1986; firearms with the letter codes “BC” are scarce. “SECOND LETTER” OF PREFIX STARTING WITH N OR H: A= 1986 B= 1987 C= 1988 D= 1989 E= 1990 F= 1991 G= 1992 H= 1993 I= 1994 J= 1995.A 7 shooter in that serial number range would confirm that as will the stamping of .22 W.R.F. CTG on the right side of the barrel and W.R.F. stamped into the breech end of the cylinder. The pics indicate that your piece is in v.good-excellent condition. I have two of these: s/n 537062 on the original frame and 570503 on the "RICE" frame.They had a serial number block comprising the whole 2 million range, so they went from 2,000,000 to 2,240,000. There are three sets of H&R M16A1s in the NFA market: (1) US Property guns transferred to police or DOE contractors and then to citizen owners pre-1986; (2) H&R corporate-owned guns which were sold in the bankruptcy …Feb 23, 2020 · AK prefix was used on a special series of handguns to commemorate the Kansas Centennial. 2. H&R ceased operations in February of 1986; firearms with the letter codes “BC” are scarce. “SECOND LETTER” OF PREFIX STARTING WITH N OR H: A= 1986 B= 1987 C= 1988 D= 1989 E= 1990 F= 1991 G= 1992 H= 1993 I= 1994 J= 1995. iOS: Finding time to read is hard, but if you fancy yourself a fan of classic literature, from the likes of Jane Austen, Jules Verne, or Charles Dickens, then Serial Reader’s a cle...H & R Firearms Maker Role. Manufacturer Date Made. 1905-1942 Place Made. Worcester, United States Medium and Materials. Plastics, indeterminate ferrous metal ... Serial number can be found under the left hand grip at the bottom of the handle for guns made 1890-1906. You have to remove the grip to access.knight0334. Serial number means jack squat on pre-1940 H&R guns. All that I can tell you is that it is a Automatic Ejecting, 3rd Model since it has the caliber stamped on the barrel and it being a 6shot .32 caliber, which means it was made after 1904 and is a smokeless gun chambered in .32S&W Long. I can tell what variation it is if you …Both types are different from the earlier WWII era H&R Model 65 Reising trainers. The two types are: USMC PROPERTY, MODEL MC-58 H&R MODEL #65 MODIFIED HARRINGTON & RICHARDSON, INC. and: U.S. MODEL MC-58 H&R MODEL #65 MODIFIED HARRINGTON & RICHARDSON, INC. The earlier WWII trainers were marked: MOD. 65 - H.& R. REISING 22 CAL.Look up a Remington serial number by using Remington Serial Number Lookup. This service uses the two-letter codes stamped on the barrel of Remington rifles and shotguns to determin...The vast majority of 925s were made to handle the modern, smokeless .38 S&W cartridge; very rarely seen is the .22lr chambered version (very scarce). The greater majority of 925s had polished blue finishes, but a few of the 2 1/2" barrel pieces are seen with a matte "blue-black" finish (scarce).H&R 32 Safety Hammer. I recently inherited a H&R 32 cal Safety Hammer Double Action with a 2 1/2" barrel. It has a polished nickel finish and the patent stamped on the hammer is April 5, 1887. There are no visible serial numbers or model other than "Safety Hammer." Under the left grip I found 306 stamped in the frame but no other …The U.S.R.A. pistol became the standard of the U.S. Army pistol team and was used to set a new U.S. pistol record in 1932. Prior to the Second World War, the company manufactured .38 caliber revolvers for British police use. These pistols, which were also available on the U.S. commercial market, were the first firearms ever carried by British ...A: Savage Arms serial numbers are typically 7-digits long and begin with the letter “S”. The first digit of the serial number indicates the year of manufacture, with 1 being 1967, 2 being 1968, and so on. The remaining digits are a unique identifier for that particular firearm.Sep 15, 2013 · 5347 posts · Joined 2004. #6 · Sep 16, 2013. There are charts for the older H&R firearms, at lest up to 1982 when they folded their tents, for the new versions, New England Firearms, other than they are recently made, there are no serial number list. Perhaps if you called New Dngland Arms, but really, why bother, it is not going to increase ... Previous manufacturer located in Gardner, MA - formerly from Worcester, MA. Successors to Wesson & Harrington, manufactured from 1871 until January 24, 1986. H & R 1871, …#2 · Feb 5, 2015. They were made between 1931 and 1934, with no reliable method of narrowing it down to which year. The .32-20's were in the same serial number range as …Do you know how firearms background checks work? Learn how firearms background checks work at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement Like clockwork, after each mass shooting that shocks the ...5347 posts · Joined 2004. #6 · Sep 16, 2013. There are charts for the older H&R firearms, at lest up to 1982 when they folded their tents, for the new versions, New England Firearms, other than they are recently made, there are no serial number list. Perhaps if you called New Dngland Arms, but really, why bother, it is not going to increase ...This 90 percent gun, courtesy of American Gun Works in Glendale, Calif., (americangunworks.net), is worth $350 to $375. Even in pristine condition, the value would top out at around $525. Gun: H&R ...Kenworth semi trucks manufactured after 1981 have a unique, 17-character VIN (vehicle identification number) used to identify it specifically for all legal purposes. The VIN, when ...Park trailers and manufactured homes have identifying tags usually referred to as labels or plates that display information, such as the manufacturer, serial number or vehicle iden...Last updated: December 14, 2023. Gun-data.com is reader-supported. We may earn a commission through products purchased using links on this page. Learn more about our …it really is no big secret on the post 1986 serial number listing but it is just a lot of typing. all my other long answers are just cut and pated for the info we furnished the book book. basically they started over at A with the front letter for new england firearms and H for H&R 1871. example NA=1987. however the letter I seems to have been ...Well, I'm not up on the H&R's, but with no caliber markings it would be dated before 1905 and manufactured for black powder. Yeppers.. If it doesn't have a caliber marking it is a 1st Model - made between 1888-1904. If it has a caliber marking it is a 2nd Model - made between 1905-1941.Dec 14, 2013 · Posted: December 14, 2013 06:08 PM. There is a note that H&R used a gold plated front sight on the .22 Special from 1930 to 1932. There is a list of "calculated" serial number ranges on"auto ejecting Double action revolvers (with or without letter prefix) and the ser# range of 532,001 to 544,000 is calculated as 1934. The engraving, casting, or stamping (impressing) of the serial number and additional information must be to a minimum depth of .003 inch, and the serial number and any associated license number in a print size no smaller than 1/16 inch. The size of the serial and license number is measured as the distance between the latitudinal ends of the ...Do you know how firearms background checks work? Learn how firearms background checks work at HowStuffWorks. Advertisement Like clockwork, after each mass shooting that shocks the ...#1 · Jun 27, 2010. b.goforth, hoping you can help me out. Trying to figure out the serial number on my father's 929 for positive ID. After looking over your info on your website …Manufacturer part number: 978-0-9787086-3-4. $119.95. Add to cart. Add to wishlist. Add to compare list. Email a friend. H&R Arms Company 1871 - 1986 is a source of information and knowledge whose time has come. The community of firearm collecting has indoctrinated its followers with the idea that the only firearms worthy of collecting must be ... The serial number of this pistol is located under the dust cover on the frame, on the barrel, and on the slide. A gun serial number is a unique identifier assigned to a singular firearm. [A] There is no international uniformity in gun serial numbers. Besides a widespread numerical base, they may contain letters and other typographical symbols ... H&R serial number. Here is another odd one, this time an H&R. The gun is numbered 224460, but it looks like whoever was stamping numbers the day it was made put 224660 on the bottom of the grip and then corrected the mistake by overstamping the first 6 with a 4. Again it makes me wonder...SERIALIZATION / DATE OF MANUFACTURE - When was your gun made? These tables will help you identify the year of manufacture on many popular models of firearms.You’ve found a gorgeous 1955 Chevrolet Bel-Air for sale. If you want to find out as much information about the car before purchasing it, start with the serial number. Here is some ...Number of Shots. Barrel length. Type of metal finish. Rimfire or Centerfire. Caliber. ... WORCESTER MASS. THE AMERICAN DOUBLE ACTION * SAFETY HAMMER DOUBLE ACTION * H & R BULLDOG * 32-6 shot 38-5 shot 41-5 shot. 2 1/2 4 1/2 6. Full Nickel Later Guns may be Full Blue. Centerfire. 32 38 44 32 R ** 38 R** ... H&R Handy Gun. 20000. …H&R serial numbers since 1940 have been public knowledge since 1986 when H&R gave the serial number list to numrich arms, after numrich purchased at least 90% of H&R's inventory of parts. ... H & R 1871 & NEW ENGLAND FIREARMS SERIAL NUMBER LETTER CODES AND THE YEARS OF THEIR USAGE NEF H&R1871 . …Silver bars range in weight from 5 grains up to 100 troy ounces. Manufacturers identify their bars with a logo, serial number, hallmark or pattern in addition to the weight and ind...A Harrington and Richardson Model 32 is a small caliber revolver that was made by the Harrington & Richardson (H&R) firearms company. It features a cylinder that holds 6 rounds and is chambered for .32 S&W or .32 Long cartridges.Jun 27, 2013 · L. LadyD Discussion starter. 5 posts · Joined 2013. #1 · Jun 27, 2013. Hello, I was given a H & R Model 732 .32 caliber revolver S & W with a serial number that starts with the letter A and is followed by 6 digits. I was wondering if anyone could give me some info on this piece. Its my first gun so I would really like to know something about it.

DWT. 1416 posts · Joined 2008. #4 · Mar 23, 2013. The B prefix denotes a manuf. date of 1941, but my references say the TOPPER name didn't come into use until 1948. If the serial# actually began with AB then it's a 1965 manufacture. Prices on these guns, in mint condition, range from $100-200.00.. Buzz brainard injury update

Feb 18, 2018 · Cylinder release is long pivoting lever on right side of frame (there are two different version of this). Serial numbered in its own series from 01 up to at least 89761 by the end of 1939. Starting in 1940 letter codes were used. Early production until about 1933 the letter code "D" was used to denote double action. According to Bill Goforth's soon-to-be-released book on H&R revolvers, collectors recognize Early and Second Models of the 929. There are four variations of the Early Model with various combinations of square or round grip frame; grip material; round, tapered, or flat-sided barrels; barrel lengths of 2½, 4, 6, and 10 (very rare) inches; and …788 posts · Joined 2012. #2 · May 26, 2016. Serial numbers mean pretty much nothing prior to 1940 for H&R. Other stampings and features tell 99% of the details of the gun. We will need pictures (all sides, and sharp/clear as possible), and the info on top of the barrel typed out exactly as it is stamped. H&R Collector.Later in the 1930's, H&R started advertising their pistols and revolvers capable of handling the high speed .22 long rifle cartridge. The Trapper shared their serial numbers with the Model 1906 and the earliest Trapper serial number recorded that I can find is 108,999; and the latest is 182,482.all H&R handguns will have a serial number (batch number) usually found as you stated under the grip panel or on the bottom of the butt. ... 2 1/2 " octagonal barrel. blue trigger guard, 5 shot .38. The serial number on the butt of the gun is 897 17 . Save Share. Like. B. b.goforth.H & R Model1900 Single Gun. " Thais gun can be most easily identified by the method of take down.. namely a spring loaded lever must be lifted clear of the frame and turned 1/4 turn and pulled out to free the barrel. In addition the forend must be unscrewed to be removed from the barrel. Mode,1905 Single Gun.Joined Jun 26, 2011. 14 Posts. #83 · Oct 3, 2011. I have acquired a couple of old H&R revolvers I'd like some help with the manufacture dates. The first is a .38 hammerless topbreak, 5 shot. Depending which way I point the barrel, the serial number is either 68999 or 66689. The second is a .32 topbreak w/hammer serial 142298.W. WessonHarrington Discussion starter. 5 posts · Joined 2015. #3 · Apr 24, 2015. Sorry I wasn't clear. I am researching the serial numbers for the H&R Handy Guns in 32-20 caliber. I titled the thread that way, but I may have mistaken how it shows up. Thanks for letting me know I messed up.L=1997 M=1998 N=1999 P=2000 R=2001 S=2002 T=2003 U=2004 V=2005 W=2006 X=2007 Y=2008 serial number prefixes changed in May 2008, CBA for SB2 and CAC for SB1 Z=2009. Harrington And Richardson 32 Caliber - Firearms identification. . A new serial number system. The new system consists of four sets of digits separated by …2,973 Posts. #48 · Aug 31, 2011 (Edited) BobVa, The H&R TRAPPER Model was a variation of the H&R Model 1906, small, solid frame 7 shot .22short/long/lr. The serial numbers for the TRAPPER follow the sequence for the 1906. 1906 was offered circa 1907 to 1941, while the TRAPPER first appears circa 1924.The company continued to receive additional contracts for the M1, and by the time production ceased in 1956, H&R had produced 428,600 rifles. The end of production did not mark the end of the company's association with John Garand's rifle, as H&R later received a contract to rebuild 50,000 M1 rifles in 7.62mm NATO caliber for the U.S. Navy.Remington – Navy Single Shot Pistols, Model 8, 81, 24, 241, RB Pistols (Types- not serial), RB Rifles- 1870, 71, RB Rifle Models- 1866-1933, Contract Lee Rifles, Pistols and Revolvers 1857-1918 (incomplete serial number for some), Rifles 1866-1933 (ditto), Shotguns 1874-1910 Serial numbers unknown. Remington Firearms. Remington 1921 …The serial number of this pistol is located under the dust cover on the frame, on the barrel, and on the slide. A gun serial number is a unique identifier assigned to a singular firearm. [A] There is no international uniformity in gun serial numbers. Besides a widespread numerical base, they may contain letters and other typographical symbols ...The left side of the barrel is marked ‘Model 732′ and ’32 S&W,’ though the gun is actually chambered in .32 S&W Long. The left side of the frame is marked simple ‘H&R INC. U.S.A.’. The serial number is located at the bottom of the grip-frame. The grip provides a secure two-finger grip; I have large hands and my pinky finger does not ....

H and r firearms serial number - Apr 6, 2018 ... ... play this video. Learn more · Open App. DIY firearms - the importance of serial numbers. 8K views · 6 years ago ...more. KPRC 2 Click2Houston.

Popular Topics