Breath smells like mothballs - "my breath smell like mothballs, why is that? could i have gingivitis or a sinus infection?" Answered by Dr. Stevan Cordas: Bad breath: There are as many different smells of bad breath as there ...

 
Another cause of bad breath is eating stinky or spicy foods such as onions, tuna, flavored potato chips, chilies, beef jerky, horseradish, and garlic. "Smoking can also contribute to bad breath .... King von girlfriend name

First, be sure to remove any mothballs from the area or room. Open windows and doors and turn on fans to increase air circulation. To desorb vapors from affected materials, such as upholstery and clothing, use a denatured alcohol and water solution of 40% water and 60% alcohol. Place the solution in a spray bottle and mist contaminated areas ...Six reasons your breath might smell like poop. Poor oral hygiene. Sinus infection. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Abscessed tooth. Prolonged vomiting. Bowel obstruction. When to see a doctor ...Prevention. Takeaway. A person’s breath may smell like urine or ammonia due to numerous causes, including nasal congestion, stomach infection, diet, and more. A foul taste in the mouth may ...But doctors aren’t certain why these cancers cause bad breath. “It is not exactly clear but it is likely related to a concentration of high polyamines in cancer cells,” he says. A 2010 study on colorectal cancer used canine scent detection to show that cancer has a specific smell from cancer-specific chemicals circulating through the body.Mothball breath is named that because your breath will have a musty, benzene-like smell to it that is often related to mothballs. You might not notice the mothball smell right away or it may arise slowly over a period of weeks or months. In some cases, though, it is possible that the mothball breath is noticed right away.Therefore, stool that smells like ammonia may be a sign of an imbalance between “good” and “bad” bacteria in your digestive system. Stool That Smells Like Metal. Metallic smells in your stool may be caused by actual metal — specifically, iron. This metal is an important part of hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells that helps ...If your breath smells like sulfur, the cause may be a condition known as small intestinal bacterial overgrowth or SIBO. It occurs due to the overproduction of bacteria within the small intestine caused by digestive issues such as lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption, celiac disease, and Crohn’s disease.Why Your Breath Smells Like Mothballs (and What to Do) Medically reviewed by Jennifer Archibald, DDS. Mothball breath is caused by conditions that produce too much mucus in the mouth. Treating the ...While the reasons mentioned above may be causing your breath’s mothball odour, another cause could arise from oral malodour, which, according to a 2016 study published in Journal of Multidisciplinary Care in the United States, is the most common form of halitosis (a term for chronic bad breath).A friend of mine said it could be because I’ve drastically decreased my sugar intake which is now nearly at zero. This started shortly after starting on mounjaro. I just started taking supplements, including magnesium and chlorophyll, not for that reason, but I did hear they are supposed to also help with body odor. Added bonus.Aug 24, 2022 · The good news is you can fix this by brushing your tongue when you clean your teeth. Brush your tongue as well as your teeth. Shutterstock. Eating onion and garlic can add a sulphurous tone to ... May 27, 2021 · Here are some ways for removing mothball odour from clothes: Make a lemon juice and white vinegar solution. In a small bowl, mix together some vinegar and lemon juice. Grab a clean cloth to dab the solution onto the places on the clothing or shoes where the mothball smell is the strongest. Hang your clothing outside. The biological explanation for old-person smell isn’t clear, but the researchers note that human body odors “originate from a complex interaction between skin gland secretions and bacterial...Mothball breath is caused by conditions that produce too much mucus in the mouth. Treating the underlying condition will eliminate the smell of mothball breath. Learn more about causes and treatments, as well as how good oral hygiene plays a role in prevention.What does it mean when breath smells like mothballs? It means that your breath has a bad odor that is similar to the smell of mothballs. This can be caused by various reasons, such as poor oral hygiene, dry mouth, infections, medications, or diet. The smell of mothballs on your breath can make you feel embarrassed or uncomfortable, … Hydration can aid in digestion and may help in flushing out unwanted compounds that contribute to the scent. 4. Bowel Regularity. If constipation is a concern, it might be a good idea to add more fiber to your diet. Regular bowel movements can prevent waste build-up, which can contribute to strange smells. 5. Jun 23, 2021 · 4. Deep Clean. A deep cleaning of clothing, drawers, storage spaces, and rooms is often necessary to remove mothball smells that have been sitting for months or years. First, clean any affected clothing. You can soak them in a bucket of equal parts vinegar and water solution. May 31, 2012 · Follow @TIMEHealth. ‘Old-person smell’ is a real thing — and it’s not just due to mothballs or a musty house. Researchers at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia confirmed that elderly people really do have a distinct scent, so recognizable in fact that people can identify them by body odor alone. The researchers speculate ... Do you, or someone you know, find that your breath often smells like mothballs? If so, then you might be dealing with Mothball Breath. Mothball breath is named that because your breath will have a musty, benzene-like smell to it that is often related to mothballs. May 31, 2012 · Follow @TIMEHealth. ‘Old-person smell’ is a real thing — and it’s not just due to mothballs or a musty house. Researchers at the Monell Chemical Senses Center in Philadelphia confirmed that elderly people really do have a distinct scent, so recognizable in fact that people can identify them by body odor alone. The researchers speculate ... First, be sure to remove any mothballs from the area or room. Open windows and doors and turn on fans to increase air circulation. To desorb vapors from affected materials, such as upholstery and clothing, use a denatured alcohol and water solution of 40% water and 60% alcohol. Place the solution in a spray bottle and mist contaminated areas ...410-955-5000 Maryland. 855-695-4872 Outside of Maryland. +1-410-502-7683 International. Find a Doctor. Halitosis is an oral health problem where the main symptom is bad smelling breath. In most cases, finding the cause of the bad breath is the first step toward treating this preventable condition.Buy on Amazon. Step 3: Wash as Normal. The vinegar will neutralize the mothball scents, but now we need to wash the clothes as usual and introduce some lovely detergent smells. Run another cycle with some laundry detergent. After this second wash, if you still notice a smell, repeat steps one and two.Use Vinegar and Water to Wipe Hard Surfaces. Vinegar is a natural odor eliminator, so it’s excellent for removing mothball smells. Mix equal vinegar and water in a bowl, and then use a clean cloth to wipe down your camper’s hard surfaces. Wipe down counters, tables, floors, cabinets, and other hard surfaces.My wife tells me that my breath smells like mothballs JA: 4.24.2024. Dr. Saha. Doctor. 6,217 Satisfied Customers. My husband has a very sour foul smell about him. He can. 4.24.2024. Dr. P. Jyoti. Consultant MD. 1,981 Satisfied Customers. My husband smells like he's just stepped out of a chest. 11.18.2016.Mothball breath is caused by conditions that produce too much mucus in the mouth. Treating the underlying condition will eliminate the smell of mothball breath. Learn more about causes and treatments, as well as how good oral hygiene plays a role in prevention.If your breath smells like mothballs, your doctor can help. Treating and managing the underlying cause will help to eliminate or reduce the occurrence of mothball breath. Based on your condition, you may need over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription medications, such as:As I mentioned in my previous post, I would recommend looking in the roof of the mouth and lifting the lips to check all teeth. Broken teeth, foreign material, inflammation of the oral tissue can all lead to bad breath. Young dogs are also prone to eating things that can have bad odors. Rinsing the mouth with water or brushing the teeth with a ...Your car has a chemical or fuel leak: Sometimes the exhaust fumes or other maintenance chemicals can smell like mothballs because they contain naphthalene additives. For example, naphthalene has been added to gasoline to improve a vehicle’s fuel performance and reduce engine deposits. Your car has a rodent infestation: the …Mothball breath is so-called because one’s breath can smell overpoweringly like mothballs. This musty, benzene-like odour can be unpleasant both for you and your network of friends and family. Interestingly, mothball breath may arise slowly over a period of weeks or months, or may suddenly appear within the space of days.A friend of mine said it could be because I’ve drastically decreased my sugar intake which is now nearly at zero. This started shortly after starting on mounjaro. I just started taking supplements, including magnesium and chlorophyll, not for that reason, but I did hear they are supposed to also help with body odor. Added bonus.At high doses — either eating or simply inhaling fumes close up — camphor can cause nausea, vomiting and seizures. With the more-common naphthalene-based mothballs, the real risk is for people with a genetic problem called glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, which is more common in people of African-American or …While it is true, kidney disease and diabetes and even anorexia can cause wierd breath, the major cause is not flossing properly. If you are looking here for answers, you should have already tried the following: Ask your friend to smell your breath. Then try different things and see what makes it better.My wife tells me that my breath smells like mothballs JA: 4.24.2024. Dr. Saha. Doctor. 6,217 Satisfied Customers. My husband has a very sour foul smell about him. He can.What would cause my sons breath to smell like mothballs? It comes and goes. Hes 8 and takes Singulair and various multivitamins. He has chronic sinus congestion but can breathe through his nose. Hes been a bit more oppositional lately. Ive Googled camphor and napthalene and found little. One ...Baking soda is excellent at absorbing and removing unwanted odors. [13] To remove mothball smell with baking soda, mix 2 parts of baking soda and 1 part of water together in a bowl until you have a fine paste. Then, rub the paste into your hands and let it sit for 3 minutes before rinsing it off. 4.Baking soda is a great natural odor absorber that can help remove the mothball smell from your cedar chest. Simply sprinkle a generous amount of baking soda inside the chest and let it sit for a few days. After a few days, vacuum up the baking soda and wipe the chest with a damp cloth. Repeat the process if necessary. what does it mean when your breath smells like moth balls?: Plaque bacteria: Most bad breath comes from bacteria in your mouth. H Another cause of bad breath is eating stinky or spicy foods such as onions, tuna, flavored potato chips, chilies, beef jerky, horseradish, and garlic. "Smoking can also contribute to bad breath ...Bad breath, also known as halitosis, is a symptom in which a noticeably unpleasant breath odour is present. It can result in anxiety among those affected. It is also associated with depression and symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder.. The concerns of bad breath may be divided into genuine and non-genuine cases. Of those who have genuine bad …Jun 23, 2021 · 4. Deep Clean. A deep cleaning of clothing, drawers, storage spaces, and rooms is often necessary to remove mothball smells that have been sitting for months or years. First, clean any affected clothing. You can soak them in a bucket of equal parts vinegar and water solution. Health Effects of Mothballs. Mothballs are nearly 100% active ingredient, and the active ingredient may be either naphthalene or paradichlorobenzene. Each active ingredient can cause different health effects if the exposure is high enough. Mothballs slowly turn from solids to toxic vapor. When you smell mothballs, you are inhaling the …Therefore, stool that smells like ammonia may be a sign of an imbalance between “good” and “bad” bacteria in your digestive system. Stool That Smells Like Metal. Metallic smells in your stool may be caused by actual metal — specifically, iron. This metal is an important part of hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells that helps ...Sinus infections, also known as sinusitis, can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Symptoms of sinusitis may include: yellow or green nasal discharge. congested nose. swelling, pain, and ...Oct 12, 2020 · Depending on the cause, your breath may smell sweet, sour, rotten, musty, fishy, or like ammonia. Bad breath can arise from a problem in your mouth or throat, or from metabolic processes. My breath smells like moth balls. Have seen dentist and ruled out tooth decay. Hi, Thanks for asking your question on Just Answer. Halitosis or bad breath can be caused by dental issues (you've ruled this out), sinus problems (post-nasal drip) and gastrointestinal issues like bacterial overgrowth, salivary gland issues or even reflux disease.Why does breath smell like moth balls? It shouldn't-see a doctor. It is an amonia problem and could be caused by liver failure or over dosage of migrain meds.Customer: my dog smells like moth balls....order seems to be coming from her mouth, but you can smell it just being around her.... Answered by Jane Lefler in 2 mins 12 years ago. ... Kidney problems or diabetes can also cause bad breath as can a stomach upset or your dog licking his anal glands which are seeping due to being overfull, though ...Ah, the smell of a new car! Many people find the aroma of a new car so enticing that they seek it out — even when it’s not in “new car” form. Think of all the air fresheners and sp...A shark sense isn't so different from any of our senses, a shark sense is just sharper underwater. See more about shark sense and how each works. Advertisement If you've seen the m...1. First and foremost, make sure to open up all of the windows in your camper to air them out. If you have fans, turn those on to help circulate the air. 2. If possible, take everything out of the camper that smells like mothballs and wash it. This includes all bedding, curtains, towels, and clothing. 3.The main symptom of fetor hepaticus is breath that smells like a combination of rotten eggs and garlic. Other people describe it as a slightly sweet smell. Additional symptoms include:...%PDF-1.4 %âãÏÓ 137 0 obj > endobj xref 137 75 0000000016 00000 n 0000002400 00000 n 0000002547 00000 n 0000003157 00000 n 0000003294 00000 n 0000003609 00000 n 0000004248 00000 n 0000004576 00000 n 0000004603 00000 n 0000004631 00000 n 0000004818 00000 n 0000005004 00000 n 0000005116 00000 n 0000005230 00000 n …Aug 15, 2021 · Answer: No it is not normal for your dog to smell like mothballs. This could be due to a condition called parosmia which is a distortion of the sense of smell. Mothballs may smell differently to your dog than they do to you and so your dog may be attracted to the scent. Alternatively your dog may have eaten something that is causing their ... Oct 12, 2020 · Depending on the cause, your breath may smell sweet, sour, rotten, musty, fishy, or like ammonia. Bad breath can arise from a problem in your mouth or throat, or from metabolic processes. Oral Care Guide. Dental Health and Bad Breath. Medically Reviewed by Poonam Sachdev on February 14, 2023. Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors. How Does Food Affect Breath? Why Do Poor...An uncommon breath odor like mothballs may cause worry and be off-putting for its recipient, which could potentially have adverse health impacts. While bad breath, or halitosis, is more commonly experienced; mothball-scented breath is relatively uncommon and less frequently diagnosed by healthcare providers. Here we explore possible causes …2. Place the mothballs inside the container. Read the directions on the box to find out how much of the product you need. To …What would cause my son's breath to smell like mothballs? It comes and goes. He's 8 and takes Singulair and various multivitamins. He has chronic sinus congestion but can breathe through his nose. He's been a bit more oppositional lately. I've Googled "camphor" and "napthalene" and found little.Factors responsible for why a person's breath may smell bad include: Increased dry mouth. Increased levels of sulfur compounds in daily drinkers. Increased periodontal disease. Short-term effect ...Here are 5 things your breath is trying to tell you about your health: 1. If your breath smells like mothballs. You might have allergies, post-nasal drip, or a sinus infection.When you have ...Six reasons your breath might smell like poop. Poor oral hygiene. Sinus infection. Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Abscessed tooth. Prolonged vomiting. Bowel obstruction. When to see a doctor ...How to Get Rid of Mothball Smell from the House Use charcoal. Leave out bowls of vinegar or coffee grounds. Set out a box of baking soda. Get some ventilation in the room. Use cedar chips or cedar balls. Spread zeolite – or household cat litter – on wood and furniture. Mop the floors in the room. Use air fresheners.Online Primary Care Doctors Accepting New Patients. $44 video appointments available today with a membership as low as $15/month. my breath smell like mothballs, why is that? could i have gingivitis or a sinus infection?: Bad breath: There are as many different smells of bad breath as there.Aug 21, 2023 ... Sometimes halitosis can be a symptom of a health condition like heartburn, high blood pressure, or Sjogren's syndrome. Heartburn. Most halitosis ...Mar 30, 2021 · It may be intrusive and humiliating to have breath smells like mothballs, which is also simply called bad breath(halitosis). Modifying their oral hygiene, di... As I mentioned in my previous post, I would recommend looking in the roof of the mouth and lifting the lips to check all teeth. Broken teeth, foreign material, inflammation of the oral tissue can all lead to bad breath. Young dogs are also prone to eating things that can have bad odors. Rinsing the mouth with water or brushing the teeth with a ...Bad breath: There are as many different smells of bad breath as there are reasons for bad breath. Specific bacteria called eubacterium, porphyromonas gingivalis, porphyromonas endodontalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythensis, and treponema denticola are the main culprits of odor-causing bacteria in the mouth.Air pollution from mothballs can cause mild effects, like headaches and eye irritation, as well as more severe effects, like anemia and potentially even cancer. The unfortunate reality is that many homes have air pollution, whether from mothballs or other contaminants. The EPA reports that 6 out of every 10 homes and buildings are sick, meaning ...But what if your breath smells like mothballs, or what if you have a mothball taste in your mouth? Does it indicate anything about your overall health? Luckily, there are many ways to reduce this odor, and talking with your doctor or dentist can …First, be sure to remove any mothballs from the area or room. Open windows and doors and turn on fans to increase air circulation. To desorb vapors from affected materials, such as upholstery and clothing, use a denatured alcohol and water solution of 40% water and 60% alcohol. Place the solution in a spray bottle and mist contaminated areas ...It's awfully warm, and a peculiar odor seems to hover in the air nearby—a stale, musty odor tinged with something as acrid as mothballs. You know this aroma: it's "old person smell."Basically you must realize that a bad breath can be due to a disorder of the oral cavity, nasal passages, sinuses, respiratory tract, or gastrointestinal tract. A mothball smell can be due to tooth decay. Bacteria act on the trapped food, and degrade it releasing gases like ammonia and enzymes that cause the mothball odor.A scent of ammonia can indicate kidney problems. A sweet, musty odor may signal liver cirrhosis. A fecal odor may point to a bowel obstruction. There are 12 types of ‘bad breath’ caused by disease in your body. Tonsil breath. Sinus breath. Lung breath.Ive been trying to do nasal lavage every other day. Im seeing an ENT on the 9th but not sure what he can offer. I have noticed some burning in my throat and wonder if its reflux -- maybe that changes the environment and bad bugs proliferate and PND occurs... but if it were that simple as treating reflux many of us would have found relief with antacids and I dont see …a sweet and fruity odor on your breath. more frequent urination than typical. abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting. high blood glucose levels. shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. confusion ...Now that we're all supposed to be wearing masks, we've all become keenly aware of something: our breath. And guess what? It doesn't always smell good. Advertisement Halitophobia, o...Bad breath: There are as many different smells of bad breath as there are reasons for bad breath. Specific bacteria called eubacterium, porphyromonas gingivalis, porphyromonas endodontalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythensis, and treponema denticola are the main culprits of odor-causing bacteria in the mouth.Oral Care Guide. Dental Health and Bad Breath. Medically Reviewed by Poonam Sachdev on February 14, 2023. Written by WebMD Editorial Contributors. How Does Food Affect Breath? Why Do Poor...What would cause my sons breath to smell like mothballs? It comes and goes. Hes 8 and takes Singulair and various multivitamins. He has chronic sinus congestion but can breathe through his nose. Hes been a bit more oppositional lately. Ive Googled camphor and napthalene and found little. One ...This is a teenagers spin off created on the downfall of a user getting ban called u/analsexlord, Originally called r/analsexlordsupporters but it has been rebranded to be a welcoming hangout community!An artificial intelligence chip would tell you just how pungent the smell is, on a scale from 1 to 5. Ever get home from a long day in the office and realize, a little too late, th...When a room has a persistent mothball odor, the first step to eliminating it is to thoroughly clean the area to get rid of any solid particles. Wear gloves and a respirator while doing this to protect yourself from the chemicals. Vacuum the floor and empty the bag outside. Then wash the walls and woodwork with a mild detergent solution.Dogs are highly associative animals and can form connections between certain stimuli and pleasant experiences, like finding an intriguing scent or receiving a reward. When it comes to mothballs, dogs can associate their smell with something appealing, perhaps due to the strong, pungent odor often emitted by mothballs.1. First and foremost, make sure to open up all of the windows in your camper to air them out. If you have fans, turn those on to help circulate the air. 2. If possible, take everything out of the camper that smells like mothballs and wash it. This includes all bedding, curtains, towels, and clothing. 3.While it is true, kidney disease and diabetes and even anorexia can cause wierd breath, the major cause is not flossing properly. If you are looking here for answers, you should have already tried the following: Ask your friend to smell your breath. Then try different things and see what makes it better.Mothballs are the reason your vintage garment is still intact. Some scents are immediately recognizable: Freshly cut grass, bread baking in the oven, and mothballs. If you’ve come ...Pediatrics 27 years experience. Infection: Foul smelling and bad tasting phlegm is likely a sign of an infection of the sinuses or lungs. Time for a visit to your primary care physician! Created for people with ongoing healthcare needs but benefits everyone. Learn how we can help.Ah, the smell of a new car! Many people find the aroma of a new car so enticing that they seek it out — even when it’s not in “new car” form. Think of all the air fresheners and sp... My wife tells me that my breath smells like mothballs JA: 4.24.2024. Dr. Saha. Doctor. 6,217 Satisfied Customers. My husband has a very sour foul smell about him. He can.

Sinus infections, also known as sinusitis, can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Symptoms of sinusitis may include: yellow or green nasal discharge. congested nose. swelling, pain, and .... Autopsy photos of kurt cobain

breath smells like mothballs

A gasoline odor emanating from your Chevy pickup might indicate a problem and a fire hazard. If yours is an older Chevy truck, it might be less of a problem and more of an unnecess...Mothball Breath. I've got this (dreadful) temp here training to help out while I'm out on maternity leave. Normally, he smells like grandpa and old spice. Today, he smells like mothballs, but I swear, its coming from his mouth. He laughed and a coworker said he suddenly remembered playing in his grandma's closet.The odors commonly associated with bad breath include hydrogen sulfide, a gas produced by the bacteria that live in plaque, which smells like rotten eggs.While the reasons mentioned above may be causing your breath’s mothball odor, another cause could arise from oral malodor, according to a research study published in the Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, in majority of cases, halitosis is caused by oral conditions, defined as oral malodour.Keep wasps away by using traditional clip-on wasp repellents and creating deterrents with specific scents and decoys. Wasps do not like certain smells, and they choose to stay clea...Mothball poop. R. Rocksy. Aug 25, 2017 at 1:32 AM. For the past 4 days my 9 week olds poop has been smelling truly RANCID. It smells like mothballs and makes me want to vomit. It is so rank. She is EBF. I've recently really restricted (almost eliminated) dairy but that's the only thing I can think of that's "changed".Use Vinegar and Water to Wipe Hard Surfaces. Vinegar is a natural odor eliminator, so it’s excellent for removing mothball smells. Mix equal vinegar and water in a bowl, and then use a clean cloth to wipe down your camper’s hard surfaces. Wipe down counters, tables, floors, cabinets, and other hard surfaces.But bad breath that doesn’t go away (chronic halitosis) could mean you have an oral health issue or a condition that’s affecting another part of your body. Halitosis is a symptom of many different conditions. In other words, it’s like a warning message from your body. Finding the root cause of halitosis is the first step in treating the ...A rotten egg odor is associated with liver problems, specifically cirrhosis, while kidney problems produce an ammonia-like smell. Sleep apnea: This sleep disorder, which often causes people to breathe out of their mouths, can lead to dry mouth when you wake up in the morning, and that’s a cause of bad breath.Symptoms. Bad breath odors vary, depending on the cause. Some people worry too much about their breath even though they have little or no mouth odor. Others have bad breath and don't know it. Because it's hard to know how your breath smells, ask a close friend or relative to confirm if you have bad breath.Factors responsible for why a person's breath may smell bad include: Increased dry mouth. Increased levels of sulfur compounds in daily drinkers. Increased periodontal disease. Short-term effect ...Jan 31, 2024 · What does it mean when breath smells like mothballs? It means that your breath has a bad odor that is similar to the smell of mothballs. This can be caused by various reasons, such as poor oral hygiene, dry mouth, infections, medications, or diet. The smell of mothballs on your breath can make you feel embarrassed or uncomfortable, and it can ... Mothballs are made of naphthalene, a chemical that evaporates quickly and leaves a strong odor behind. If used for long periods or in poorly-ventilated spaces, the odor of dissipated naphthalene can remain long after the mothballs have been removed. In this case, you may need to air out the house for several days and place products known to ...She can’t smell it on herself, so I assume couldn’t smell it on myself either, if I had it. But hers is *bad* so I have no idea why she can’t, and I’m pretty sure if mine was that bad I would notice consistently. Dentist did not report any cavities for her, but suggests a crown replacement due to poor fit (and possible trapped food ...You might have a lung disease. A very foul odor—“much worse than traditional bad breath,” says Dr. Katz—could be a sign of a lung problem ranging from an infection (like pneumonia) to ....

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